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[ IFC, 2007-09-17 ]
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環(huán)境和社會(huì)的審閱概要 - 草案 蘇化(中國(guó))[26018]? 概述IFC 的審閱范圍?本項(xiàng)目審閱包括了對(duì)技術(shù)、環(huán)境、健康、安全，以及2007 年4 月和7 月由蘇化集團(tuán)提交和實(shí)地走訪形成的社會(huì)信息所進(jìn)行的評(píng)價(jià)工作。環(huán)境和社會(huì)(E&S)盡職調(diào)查團(tuán)隊(duì)參觀了蘇化集團(tuán)在張家港和蘇州的新老廠區(qū)。E&S 團(tuán)隊(duì)和蘇化管理團(tuán)隊(duì)、蘇州工業(yè)投資和發(fā)展公司(SGT) - 蘇化集團(tuán)舊廠區(qū)土地?fù)碛姓?，以及蘇州、張家港當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)保部門舉行了數(shù)次會(huì)議。E&S 盡職調(diào)查團(tuán)隊(duì)還會(huì)見(jiàn)了一些從新廠區(qū)廠址搬遷出去的居民。?項(xiàng)目介紹?江蘇蘇化集團(tuán)有限公司("蘇化集團(tuán)")，坐落于江蘇省蘇州市，是一家成立于1956 年的國(guó)有企業(yè)，并于90 年代后期發(fā)展成為區(qū)域內(nèi)的主要化工企業(yè)。2003 年，蘇化集團(tuán)依照蘇州市政府的國(guó)企改制計(jì)劃，經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)重組和私有化過(guò)程，使國(guó)有資產(chǎn)改制成為私有資產(chǎn)。如今，蘇化集團(tuán)是長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)生產(chǎn)氯堿、精細(xì)化工和農(nóng)藥產(chǎn)品的領(lǐng)先企業(yè)之一。?江蘇蘇化集團(tuán)張家港有限公司(“蘇化張家港公司”)是遵循政府關(guān)于城區(qū)內(nèi)化企業(yè)搬遷到化工園區(qū)的指示，由蘇化集團(tuán)投資控股而成立的一家子公司。設(shè)立于2005 年的蘇化張家港公司，一方面運(yùn)營(yíng)著蘇化集團(tuán)現(xiàn)有的精細(xì)化工及氯堿生產(chǎn)設(shè)施，一方面進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)能，其發(fā)展目標(biāo)是成為區(qū)域內(nèi)產(chǎn)能最大的氯堿和精制化工產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)之一。?確認(rèn)可適用的執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ? 執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1、社會(huì)與環(huán)境評(píng)估以及管理系統(tǒng) ? 執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2、勞動(dòng)與工作狀況 ? 執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3、污染的預(yù)防和根除 ? 執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4、社區(qū)健康，安全和保安 ? 執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5、土地獲取以及原居民的重新安置本項(xiàng)目及其周圍區(qū)域是中國(guó)發(fā)生變遷最大及發(fā)展建設(shè)最快的區(qū)域之一。該區(qū)域及其周邊沒(méi)有受保護(hù)的品種或保護(hù)區(qū)，也沒(méi)有土著人居住。本項(xiàng)目沒(méi)有對(duì)文化遺產(chǎn)造成任何影響。?環(huán)境與社會(huì)分類的依據(jù) 依照IFC 的環(huán)境和社會(huì)審閱程序，這是一個(gè)B 類項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)閮H是有限的且在特定環(huán)境下的社會(huì)影響問(wèn)題，依照通常的執(zhí)行準(zhǔn)則、指導(dǎo)方針或設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就可以避免或減輕影響。 投資項(xiàng)目主要包括將舊的化工基地搬遷到新規(guī)劃的坐落于化學(xué)工業(yè)園區(qū)的新址，該區(qū)域原住居民動(dòng)遷沒(méi)有大的遺留問(wèn)題。如果舊址的污染被確認(rèn)，土地所有者會(huì)在舊址的再次開發(fā)前進(jìn)行污染處理，項(xiàng)目公司不對(duì)潛在的污染負(fù)法律責(zé)任, 但同意對(duì)污染處理提供技術(shù)協(xié)助。減輕對(duì)環(huán)境和社會(huì)潛在影響的措施已經(jīng)確認(rèn)，已體現(xiàn)在環(huán)境和社會(huì)實(shí)施計(jì)劃(ESAP)的附件中。主要的環(huán)境和社會(huì)議題及解決方案介紹 本項(xiàng)目的主要環(huán)境和社會(huì)議題包括如下： - 舊廠區(qū)的可能裁員 - 危險(xiǎn)制造流程的職業(yè)健康及安全 - 危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品可能向新廠區(qū)外釋放 - 廢水排放及氣體散發(fā) - 老廠區(qū)再開發(fā)的潛在土壤恢復(fù)及補(bǔ)救整治 - 危險(xiǎn)與緊急響應(yīng)演練 - 土地獲取與原住居民安置蘇化已提供致力于這些影響的計(jì)劃以保證投資項(xiàng)目在執(zhí)行已認(rèn)可的測(cè)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí),將符合環(huán)境和社會(huì)要求，遵從中國(guó)的法律和法規(guī)，符合IFC 的環(huán)境和社會(huì)執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及世界銀行(WBG)的環(huán)境,健康和安全指導(dǎo)。有關(guān)蘇化如何致力于這些潛在影響的具體細(xì)節(jié)，將在如下章節(jié)中總結(jié)，更進(jìn)一步的信息將在IFC 和蘇化已同意的ESAP 附件中提供，目的是縮小與IFC 要求的差異。?1. 社會(huì)與環(huán)境評(píng)估及管理系統(tǒng) 土地和自然環(huán)境：蘇化現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)廠區(qū)的面積大約是41 萬(wàn)平方米，位于上海以西約100 公里，大運(yùn)河流經(jīng)的蘇州市郊外，周邊有其他工業(yè)及不同的社區(qū)。蘇化并不擁有舊廠區(qū)的土地權(quán)，該土地是由蘇州工業(yè)投資和發(fā)展公司(SGT)擁有。蘇化擁有74.6 萬(wàn)平方米新廠區(qū)的土地權(quán)，新廠區(qū)位于已規(guī)劃的張家港化學(xué)工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)，在蘇州以北約65 公里處。蘇化計(jì)劃于 2007 年底之前將所有的氯堿及精細(xì)化工生產(chǎn)業(yè)務(wù)搬遷至張家港新廠區(qū)。新廠址以前是混雜著的鄉(xiāng)村住宅及農(nóng)田，目前這些鄉(xiāng)村住宅或農(nóng)田已不復(fù)存在，但工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)仍然有約160 棟民居，計(jì)劃在2007 年底之前全部搬遷完畢。在此之后，最近鄰的社區(qū)將位于蘇化新廠區(qū)東邊約一公里處。依照不同的環(huán)境影響評(píng)估，新廠區(qū)的周邊沒(méi)有自然保護(hù)區(qū)或受保護(hù)的生態(tài)品種。在張家港工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)及鄰近處均有廢料處理設(shè)施，園區(qū)內(nèi)一家工業(yè)廢水處理廠、一家持有許可，用多層非滲透襯墊和瀝出物收集技術(shù)系統(tǒng)的有害廢物垃圾掩埋場(chǎng)，及一座持有許可的工業(yè)廢物焚燒裝置。環(huán)境和社會(huì)的評(píng)估：依照中國(guó)的法規(guī)和要求，蘇化聘請(qǐng)了外部顧問(wèn)對(duì)新廠區(qū)的不同項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行了環(huán)境影響評(píng)估(EIAs)。在IFC 的要求下，蘇化還聘請(qǐng)了外部顧問(wèn)對(duì)新廠區(qū)的這些項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行了累積性影響評(píng)估(CIA)。EIAs(環(huán)境影響評(píng)估)和CIA(累積影響評(píng)估)指出，適當(dāng)?shù)夭杉{所建議的解決措施，蘇化 生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)不會(huì)給周邊環(huán)境造成重大影響，將符合地方監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)及世界銀行和國(guó)際金融公司 (WBG/IFC)的要求。如ESAP(環(huán)境和社會(huì)實(shí)施計(jì)劃)所指出，蘇化未來(lái)的可行項(xiàng)目將符合中國(guó)的監(jiān) 管要求及IFC 的執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。?環(huán)境、健康及安全(EHS)管理和組織：蘇化在蘇州的現(xiàn)有廠區(qū)已通過(guò)了ISO 9000、ISO 14001 及 OHSAS 18001 認(rèn)證。在申請(qǐng)這些認(rèn)證時(shí)，蘇化已逐步地建立了環(huán)境、健康及安全(EHS)管理系統(tǒng)， 蘇化的環(huán)境、健康及安全(EHS)系統(tǒng)管理非常有效，管理層清楚地了解環(huán)境、健康及安全(EHS)的執(zhí) 行情況以及潛在的危險(xiǎn)。蘇化計(jì)劃在2007 年后期為新廠區(qū)申請(qǐng)ISO 9000、ISO 14001 及OHSAS 18001 的認(rèn)證。?培訓(xùn)、監(jiān)測(cè)及報(bào)告：蘇化設(shè)立了一個(gè)程序，為所有執(zhí)行環(huán)境、健康及安全(EHS)的員工提供必需的 與生產(chǎn)操作相關(guān)的培訓(xùn)，包括新員工的培訓(xùn)和月度進(jìn)修課程。蘇化在生產(chǎn)操作中進(jìn)行常規(guī)的環(huán)境、 健康及安全(EHS)監(jiān)測(cè)，保存執(zhí)行記錄，并通過(guò)內(nèi)在報(bào)告機(jī)制傳遞這些數(shù)據(jù)。地方環(huán)保局透露他們的監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)收集來(lái)自于蘇化。2. 勞動(dòng)及工作條件 人力資源政策與管理： 蘇化的人力資源和人事管理部對(duì)所有員工負(fù)責(zé)，包括健康，安全和培 訓(xùn)的管理，并根據(jù)公司所制定的政策，程序和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行操作，所有員工都獲取包括這些程序摘 要的小冊(cè)子，員工有權(quán)知道自己的職業(yè)記錄、雇傭情況、職業(yè)培訓(xùn)和職業(yè)發(fā)展計(jì)劃，這些會(huì)在每年總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上更新。目前，新廠區(qū)共有459 名員工，計(jì)劃最終達(dá)到700~800 名員工。?工作條件：在老廠區(qū)，員工如果在10 年內(nèi)達(dá)到法定退休年齡的，企業(yè)與其的勞務(wù)合同簽到退休。在新廠區(qū)的新雇傭條件下，工人根據(jù)其工作績(jī)效和工作實(shí)用性簽訂1~3 年的勞務(wù)合同，所有員工保持每周40 小時(shí)的工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加班工作少見(jiàn)且只是在緊急需要時(shí)發(fā)生。員工加班將獲得輪休或現(xiàn)金補(bǔ)貼，員工薪酬為底薪加獎(jiǎng)金，公司最低工資至少超過(guò)政府所要求最低工資的50%。?工人組織： 蘇化設(shè)有代表著約90%員工的工會(huì)組織，根據(jù)政府勞動(dòng)條款，有9 位員工被當(dāng)選為任期5 年的工會(huì)代表。工會(huì)主要關(guān)心職業(yè)健康問(wèn)題并向員工提供幫助，工會(huì)運(yùn)營(yíng)著一個(gè)投訴機(jī)制以幫助解決員工的抱怨，并與蘇化管理層商討解決抱怨的方案。 非歧視和平等機(jī)會(huì)： 沒(méi)有男女工人間工資差異歧視。所有員工中男女工人的比例2:1。沒(méi)有童工或強(qiáng)迫性勞工。在新廠區(qū)，選擇員工時(shí)對(duì)從附近社區(qū)和從新廠址搬遷出去的家庭給予優(yōu)先選擇。員工的削減： 生產(chǎn)基地搬遷到新址將引發(fā)一些裁員，在多種情況下，新廠區(qū)的運(yùn)營(yíng)需要不同的技能，而許多員工又不愿搬遷或每天承受額外距離的交通。蘇化有一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠?jì)劃來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)裁員并減少對(duì)現(xiàn)有員工的不利影響，這是在與蘇州市政府社會(huì)福利部門的緊密配合下得以實(shí)施的。蘇州地區(qū)的就業(yè)率比較高，因?yàn)楣と瞬辉皋D(zhuǎn)到新廠區(qū)工作而難以找到替代工作的情況極少見(jiàn)到。根據(jù)ESAP，蘇化將監(jiān)控裁員過(guò)程，并給予殘弱員工特別的照顧。職業(yè)健康與安全（OHS）： 蘇化非常重視操作安全，有非常有效的職業(yè)健康和安全(OHS)程序 并在每一個(gè)崗位上配備足夠的個(gè)人防護(hù)設(shè)備(PPE)。蘇化將評(píng)審并針對(duì)一些崗位提升其職業(yè)健 康和安全(OHS)程序以便更好的保護(hù)員工，蘇化還將嚴(yán)格地執(zhí)行這些程序，特別是在生產(chǎn)期間 的個(gè)人防護(hù)設(shè)備(PPE)程序。蘇化為其員工設(shè)置了月度進(jìn)修課程及日常職業(yè)健康與安全(OHS)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃。安全意識(shí)對(duì)管理層和操作者來(lái)講是最為關(guān)心的，自蘇化改制以來(lái)還未發(fā)生過(guò)任何致命的或嚴(yán)重的事故。反映車間狀況的監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)符合當(dāng)?shù)氐姆ㄒ?guī)要求及好的國(guó)際工業(yè)慣例。如ESAP 所要求的一樣，蘇化將評(píng)估/修改其OHS 程序以便更好地保護(hù)員工，并開始編輯更為嚴(yán)格的OHS 事故統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。3. 污染防治及消除 原材料及資源消耗：蘇化張家港公司主要消耗的原材料包括水（每年266 萬(wàn)噸），海鹽（每年200,000 噸），電石（每年150,000 噸），苯（每年20,000 噸），硫磺（每年120,000 噸），黃磷（每年7,000 噸），苯酚（每年5,000 噸），煤（173,000 噸）。水是由附近的河道里抽取，蘇化張家港計(jì)劃建造兩個(gè)25MW 的熱電廠來(lái)供電和蒸汽，其硫酸廠也能夠提供12MW 的供電。目前，蘇化張家港每年還從網(wǎng)上購(gòu)電40,000 mwh，這些電主要來(lái)自當(dāng)?shù)匾悦簽槿剂系幕鹆Πl(fā)電廠。蘇化已在實(shí)施周期性能源效率審計(jì)并形成了公司長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的節(jié)能/節(jié)水計(jì)劃，這是由管理層密切監(jiān)控并以每年實(shí)現(xiàn)幾個(gè)目標(biāo)而得以完成。對(duì)環(huán)保的執(zhí)行： 蘇化每天產(chǎn)生約300 立方米的廢水，經(jīng)過(guò)工廠內(nèi)的初級(jí)處理后統(tǒng)一排放到工業(yè)園區(qū)的廢水處理廠。所有流入污水處理廠的監(jiān)控參數(shù)都需符合污水處理廠的要求。蘇化將監(jiān)控排放的可吸附有機(jī)鹵化物（AOX），如果AOX 超過(guò)世界銀行/國(guó)際金融公司的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限制，將采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣?lái)減少AOX 濃度，以避免對(duì)污水處理廠正常操作的影響。從電廠和其他過(guò)程的排放氣體監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)都需達(dá)到規(guī)定的要求以及世界銀行/國(guó)際金融公司的指導(dǎo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。環(huán)境噪音和空氣質(zhì)量水準(zhǔn)達(dá)到當(dāng)?shù)氐囊?guī)定要求以及世界銀行/國(guó)際金融公司的指導(dǎo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并符合國(guó)際工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)ESAP，蘇化將開始監(jiān)控從自有電廠排放的NOx（氮化物），如果超出當(dāng)?shù)氐囊?guī)定要求或世界銀行/國(guó)際金融公司的指導(dǎo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的任何一個(gè)，蘇化將采取有效的行動(dòng)以減少NOx 的濃度。固體和危險(xiǎn)廢物： 蘇化所產(chǎn)生的日常固態(tài)廢物是由當(dāng)?shù)睾贤浇邮?，蘇化自生產(chǎn)流程所產(chǎn)生的工業(yè)固態(tài)廢物包括：電石渣（每年158,000 噸），煤渣（每年28,000 噸），鹽坭（每年2,000 噸）等等。電石渣和煤渣出售給建筑材料制造廠，鹽坭或是經(jīng)船運(yùn)到有許可的掩埋地做掩埋處理，或與電石渣一起銷售給建材制造商。工廠內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的主要危險(xiǎn)廢物包括廢催化劑，蒸餾釜?dú)堃海瑥U硫磺渣，以及廢磷渣。廢催化劑可被生產(chǎn)商回收，蒸餾釜?dú)堃嘿u給一家獲批準(zhǔn)的回收廠家做下一步處理。廢硫磺渣和廢磷渣送到有資質(zhì)的工業(yè)廢棄物焚燒爐處理。危險(xiǎn)材料和操作危險(xiǎn)： 蘇化的原材料，中間產(chǎn)品和由危險(xiǎn)材料制成的產(chǎn)品，在生產(chǎn)，儲(chǔ)存，處理以及運(yùn)輸這些材料時(shí)可能會(huì)給員工和附近社區(qū)造成嚴(yán)重的危害。蘇化已經(jīng)對(duì)新廠其所有安全流程和設(shè)備進(jìn)行了評(píng)估，自動(dòng)監(jiān)控和報(bào)警系統(tǒng)都已經(jīng)安裝在所有危險(xiǎn)氣體的監(jiān)控點(diǎn)，以及所有的物業(yè)上都安裝了自動(dòng)監(jiān)控傳感器。蘇化聘請(qǐng)外部專家來(lái)對(duì)其工程師進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)可操作性的研究培訓(xùn)。所有定性和定量危險(xiǎn)的可操作性研究的都由有其工程師和外部專家準(zhǔn)備，蘇化沒(méi)有地下儲(chǔ)存罐。蘇化所有的地上儲(chǔ)存罐都達(dá)到良好的國(guó)際行業(yè)操作的要求。蘇化與外部顧問(wèn)簽訂合同每年對(duì)其環(huán)境、健康、安全系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行審計(jì)。如同在ESAP 中表明的那樣，蘇化將實(shí)施在所有新廠投入運(yùn)營(yíng)之后的6 個(gè)月內(nèi)進(jìn)行一次全面的環(huán)境，健康和安全審計(jì)。消防和應(yīng)急預(yù)案（ER）： 蘇化在其廠區(qū)內(nèi)有適當(dāng)?shù)南涝O(shè)備并進(jìn)行正常的維護(hù)。蘇化有全職的消防隊(duì)，同時(shí)也負(fù)責(zé)安全設(shè)備的維護(hù)和安全操作檢查。外部消防車和急救車到達(dá)廠區(qū)只要5~10 分鐘。蘇化執(zhí)行日常的消防和潛在的化學(xué)泄露/釋放演練，包括邀請(qǐng)當(dāng)?shù)氐南狸?duì)及社區(qū)進(jìn)行聯(lián)合演練。根據(jù)ESAP，蘇化將向當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院提供材料安全數(shù)據(jù)表(MSDS)以及邀請(qǐng)醫(yī)院參加緊急預(yù)案(ER)聯(lián)合演練。溫室氣體：蘇化每年約產(chǎn)生相當(dāng)于730,000 噸的二氧化碳溫室氣體，這些均來(lái)自電廠和從網(wǎng)上的外購(gòu)電。蘇化定期性地執(zhí)行能源效率審計(jì)，并且通過(guò)計(jì)劃和程序來(lái)減少能源消耗，最終減少溫室氣體的排放。老廠區(qū)的潛在補(bǔ)救和重新開發(fā)： 蘇化老廠區(qū)的土地所有者，蘇州工投公司，是老廠區(qū)的潛在補(bǔ)救和重新開發(fā)的唯一責(zé)任人。根據(jù)EASP，蘇化將根據(jù)蘇州工投的要求，在潛在補(bǔ)救期間為其提供必要的背景信息，蘇化也將聘請(qǐng)?jiān)谕寥?地下水補(bǔ)救和重新開發(fā)方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的顧問(wèn)幫助蘇州工投公司評(píng)估其潛在補(bǔ)救計(jì)劃和土地重新開發(fā)計(jì)劃，并提供有價(jià)值的最大化補(bǔ)救效力和使基于將來(lái)用途的重新開發(fā)土地的潛在殘余污染的影響減到最小。該經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的顧問(wèn)也將向當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境保護(hù)局和當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境顧問(wèn)提供補(bǔ)救和重新發(fā)展方面的培訓(xùn)。VCM生產(chǎn)： 蘇化采用電石法/乙炔法生產(chǎn)VCM（氯乙烯單體），乙炔法生產(chǎn)VCM不產(chǎn)生二氧(雜)芑/ 呋喃。蘇化從中國(guó)西部購(gòu)買電石。如在ESAP里表明的那樣，蘇化將在其采購(gòu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)里包括能源效率和環(huán)境保護(hù)控制。如有可能，蘇化將只從符合中國(guó)環(huán)保要求的電石生產(chǎn)廠家購(gòu)買電石。?4. 公共健康，安全和保護(hù) 公共健康，安全與保護(hù)： 在工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)現(xiàn)在仍然有160 家分散的住戶，基本都在蘇化張家港公司的北部方向。這些住戶將在2007 年底前搬遷完。由于該化工園區(qū)的全面建成，最近的社區(qū)居民在距蘇化張家港往東1 公里處，蘇化張家港公司的日常運(yùn)營(yíng)并沒(méi)有對(duì)附近社區(qū)帶來(lái)明顯的影響，當(dāng)然，在一種極端的可能性下（如大規(guī)模的氯泄露），就會(huì)明顯地影響到這些社區(qū)。主要的原材料和產(chǎn)品用駁船和卡車運(yùn)輸，為了保護(hù)水環(huán)境，蘇化在該地區(qū)只用運(yùn)河水系運(yùn)輸無(wú)危險(xiǎn)性的原材料和產(chǎn)品。這里的路況條件良好。但在公路的幾個(gè)區(qū)段穿過(guò)社區(qū)，這將在發(fā)生嚴(yán)重事故時(shí)增加對(duì)社區(qū)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響。緊急預(yù)案及響應(yīng)： 蘇化有有用的緊急預(yù)案及響應(yīng)計(jì)劃并且對(duì)消防進(jìn)行日常操練并與當(dāng)?shù)叵啦块T和社區(qū)一起在廠區(qū)內(nèi)進(jìn)行潛在的泄漏和釋放的操練。如在ESAP 中所示的一樣，蘇化將與當(dāng)?shù)叵啦块T，醫(yī)院和社區(qū)，一起進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)材料運(yùn)輸?shù)碾x廠消防和緊急預(yù)案的演練，并向附近的社區(qū)提供必要的緊急預(yù)案及響應(yīng)的培訓(xùn)。蘇化只和有防御計(jì)劃，接受安全駕駛記錄，運(yùn)輸危險(xiǎn)材料時(shí)有足夠應(yīng)急方案的運(yùn)輸公司簽訂運(yùn)輸合同。保安人員： 蘇化為張家港生產(chǎn)區(qū)的安全雇傭了外部保安機(jī)構(gòu)。安全人員日常執(zhí)行大門處身份檢查和安全監(jiān)控。保安人員沒(méi)有任何的武器。如有嚴(yán)重的安保問(wèn)題，蘇化將直接向當(dāng)?shù)鼐炀謭?bào)告。5. 土地購(gòu)買和非自愿重新安置 土地購(gòu)買，重新安置及補(bǔ)償： 總計(jì)大約150 戶家庭從蘇化集團(tuán)新的生產(chǎn)廠址安置到鄰近樂(lè)余鎮(zhèn)的市郊。這次重新安置工作已在2006 年全部完成。該項(xiàng)工作是在張家港政府機(jī)構(gòu)依據(jù)土地購(gòu)買程序，并有向個(gè)人支付的記錄，搬遷至樂(lè)余鎮(zhèn)居住的生活質(zhì)量要好于以前的農(nóng)居房，這些家庭的設(shè)施和娛樂(lè)設(shè)備都有所改善。所使用的土地以前由混合的鄉(xiāng)村民居和一部分農(nóng)田組成，為遷移家庭和個(gè)人推出的全面補(bǔ)償及福利方案包括：土地使用權(quán)補(bǔ)償費(fèi)；莊稼損失費(fèi)；一次性付清的個(gè)人補(bǔ)償（只限于45 歲以下男性和35歲以下女性）；為45 歲以上男性和35 歲以上女性準(zhǔn)備的定期生活補(bǔ)貼（包括對(duì)通貨膨脹的補(bǔ)給）；按每平方米500 元的居住用房的補(bǔ)貼；對(duì)弱勢(shì)家庭和個(gè)人的額外補(bǔ)貼；由政府繳納個(gè)人醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。人們大部分保留他們?cè)瓉?lái)的工作，并且大多數(shù)居住在他們工作所在地樂(lè)余鎮(zhèn)的附近。大于45 歲的男性和大于35 歲的女性所得到的生活補(bǔ)貼比以前他們從耕作所得的收入要大得多(2-3 倍)。投訴機(jī)制： 投訴機(jī)制是土地并購(gòu)和重新安置過(guò)程的一部分，這些家庭通過(guò)投訴機(jī)制投訴而沒(méi)有很滿意地解決問(wèn)題時(shí)，可以尋求法院幫助，據(jù)報(bào)道這里只出現(xiàn)很少的投訴并且都沒(méi)有通過(guò)尋求法律的幫助就已得到了解決。與一些搬遷戶成員的會(huì)晤證實(shí)沒(méi)預(yù)見(jiàn)到任何能夠影響他們生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的問(wèn)題， 他們的感覺(jué)是房子、設(shè)備和機(jī)會(huì)在新安置的位置更好。根據(jù)ESAP，蘇化將在年度監(jiān)控報(bào)告里包含土地并購(gòu)過(guò)程和居民重新安置的相關(guān)信息，特別是為幫助脆弱的家庭重建他們的家和生活而采用的方案?？蛻舻纳鐓^(qū)約定 蘇化沒(méi)有一個(gè)正式的社區(qū)發(fā)展計(jì)劃，但正與當(dāng)?shù)卣黄鹕逃懸恍┛尚械姆桨?。新廠區(qū)蘇化的捐獻(xiàn)有：樂(lè)余鎮(zhèn)新的消防站（120 萬(wàn)元人民幣 - 成本的10%）；社區(qū)道路；樂(lè)余鎮(zhèn)新的中學(xué)并且向中學(xué)的學(xué)生提供培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃，蘇化此外也從生產(chǎn)的熱蒸汽中向工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)的其他工廠提供蒸汽，這是工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)集中供熱減少排放的一個(gè)重要的措施，蘇化還建立了幫助殘疾人的計(jì)劃（包括聾人）；一個(gè)旨在幫助窮人的基金 （慈善貢獻(xiàn)）；一個(gè)為其員工子女而建立的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金教育基金。?蘇化與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)進(jìn)行不定期的交流，主要是通過(guò)當(dāng)?shù)劓?zhèn)政府。平均蘇化與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)每月進(jìn)行一次會(huì)晤，主要是關(guān)于應(yīng)預(yù)案和健康及安全問(wèn)題。任何抱怨和投訴都能夠通過(guò)當(dāng)?shù)卣疅峋€（12365），工業(yè)園區(qū)管理委員會(huì)，或直接提交給蘇化。根據(jù)IFC 的要求，蘇化在2007 年6 月召開了第一次正式的公共交流會(huì)議。按照ESAP 的規(guī)定，蘇化將致力于執(zhí)行一年一次的公共交流會(huì)議或在特別的情況下召開。根據(jù)IFC 的建議，蘇化將在公司的網(wǎng)站披露一些其環(huán)境和社會(huì)的績(jī)效信息。蘇化將在其網(wǎng)站上披露這些文件的中文版。如需詢問(wèn)和關(guān)心該項(xiàng)目的環(huán)境和社會(huì)影響請(qǐng)與以下聯(lián)系人聯(lián)系。 許晉賢 江蘇蘇化集團(tuán) 中國(guó)，蘇州市南門路1 號(hào)，郵編：215007 電話：+86-512-6526-1605 轉(zhuǎn)459 或 +86-512-5863-2115 傳真： +86-512-6525-1980 Draft Environmental and Social Review Summary Suhua (China) [26018] Overview of IFC Scope of Review: The review of this project consisted of appraising technical, environmental, health, safety and social information submitted by the project sponsor, and field visits in April 2007 and July 2007. The environmental and social (E&S) appraisal team visited both the old and new manufacturing sites of Suhua in Suzhou and Zhangjiagang, respectively in Jiangsu Province. The E&S team held meetings with the management team of Suhua, Suzhou Industrial Investment & Development Co. (SGT), the land owner of the old site, and the local environmental protection agencies in both Suzhou and Zhangjiagang. The E&S appraisal team also interviewed some residents who were relocated from the new site.Project Description: Jiangsu Suhua Group Co., Ltd. (the “Sponsor”), located in Suzhou city, Jiangsu province, was founded in 1956 as a state-owned enterprise, and became a key chemical company in the region in the late 1990s. In 2003, Suhua underwent a restructuring and privatization process, as per the local government’s privatization plans. This involved transferring its state-owned assets to private sector shareholders. Today, the Sponsor is one of the leading chlor-alkali, fine chemical and agrochemical producers in Yangtze River Delta area.Zhangjiagang Chemical Co., Ltd (“Suhua”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Sponsor, was establishedunder a local government directive for relocating all the chemical plants operating in central residential areas to chemical industrial zones. Suhua was established in 2005 to receive and operate the existing fine chemical and chlor-alkali production facilities of Suhua, and to further expand its production capacity,aiming at becoming one of the largest producers in the region in terms of chlor-alkali and fine chemical capacities.Identified Applicable Performance Standards: ? PS1: Social and Environmental Assessment and Management Systems ? PS2: Labor and Working Conditions ? PS3: Pollution Prevention and Abatement ? PS4: Community Health, Safety and Security ? PS5: Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement The project site and surrounding area are heavily modified and located in one of the most rapidly developing parts in China. There are no protected species or protected areas at or near the site. There are no indigenous people in the project area. The proposed project has no impacts to cultural heritage.E & S Categorization Rationale: This is a Category B project according to IFC’s Environmental and Social Review procedures because a limited number of specific environmental and social impacts may result which can be avoided or mitigated by adhering to generally recognized performance standards, guidelines or design criteria.The investment mainly involves relocation of an old chemical industry complex to a new site. The new site is located in a planned chemical industry park. The relocation of residents from the new site was handled well and there are no remaining outstanding issues. The old site is potentially contaminated. If the contamination is confirmed, the landowner for the old site will undertake emediation before redevelopment of the site. The client does not have legal liability for the potential contamination, but has agreed to provide technical assistance for the remediation. Mitigation measures for the potential environmental and social mpacts have been identified and are incorporated into an attached Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP).Description of Key Environmental and Social Issues and Mitigation: The key environmental and social issues for this project include the following: - Potential retrenchment for the employees at the old plant site - Occupational health and safety for the hazardous manufacturing process - Potential for release of hazardous chemicals outside the project boundary - Wastewater effluents and air emissions - Potential remediation and brownfield redevelopment of the old plant site - Operation hazard and emergency response - Land acquisition process and resettlementSuhua has presented plans to address these impacts to ensure that the proposed project will, upon implementation of the specific agreed measures, comply with the environmental and social requirements - the host country laws and regulations and the IFC Environment and Social Performance Standards and the World Bank Group (WBG) environmental, health and safety guidelines. The information about how these potential impacts will be addressed by Suhua is summarized in the paragraphs that follow. Further information is provided in the attached ESAP, which is agreed upon by IFC and Suhua and will address the compliance gaps with IFC’s requirements.1. Social and Environmental Assessment and Management Systems Land and natural environment: Suhua’s existing production site is approximately 4.1 million ㎡ in extent, located by the Grand Canal near a suburban area of Suzhou, which is approximately 100 km west of Shanghai. This site is surrounded by other industries and various communities. Suhua does not own the land right for this old site. The site is owned by Suzhou Industrial Investment & Development Co. (SGT). Suhua owns the land right for the 7.46 million ㎡ new production site, located inside a planned chemical industry park in Zhangjiagang, which is approximately 65 km north of Suzhou. Suhua plans to move all its chloro alkali and fine chemical operations to the new site in Zhangjiagang by the end of 2007. The area was formerly a mixed rural residential and cropping area. There are no longer any houses or farmland on Suhua’s new project site, but there are still some 160 houses inside the new industry park, which will all be relocated by the end of 2007. After that, the nearest community will be located approximately one km to the east of Suhua’s new site. According to various environmental impact assessments, there is no natural protected area or protected species at or near both sites. There are waste management facilities at or near the industry park in Zhangjiagang, including an industry wastewater treatment plant at the industry park, a licensed hazardous waste landfill with multiple impermeable liners and leachate collection system, and a licensed industry waste incinerator.Environmental and Social Assessment: Suhua hired external experts to conduct environmental impact assessments (EIAs) for various projects in the new site according to Chinese regulatory requirements. Upon an IFC requirement, Suhua also hired external consultants to conduct a Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA) for those projects in the new site. EIAs and CIA indicate that Suhua’s operations will not have significant impacts on the surrounding environment and will meet the requirements of both local regulatory agencies and WBG/IFC if proposed mitigation methods are implemented properly. As indicated in the ESAP, Suhua will meet both Chinese regulatory requirements and IFC Performance Standards for all potential projects in the future.Environmental, health, and safety (EHS) management and organization: Suhua’s existing site in Suzhou is certified by ISO 9000, ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001. During the application for these certifications, Suhua gradually set up its EHS management system. The EHS management system is effective in Suhua, and the management has a clear understanding of its EHS performance and potential risks. Suhua plans to apply for ISO 9000, ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001 certifications for its new site in late 2007.Training, monitoring, and reporting: Suhua has an established program to provide necessary training for all its employees in the field of EHS performances related to its operations, including training of new employees and monthly refresher courses. Suhua conducts routine EHS monitoring for its operations. Suhua keeps its environmental and social performance records, and distributes these data through its internal reporting structure. The Local Environmental Protection Bureau iscloses its monitoring data collected from Suhua.2. Labor and Working Conditions Human Resources Policy and Management: Suhua has a Human Resources and Personnel Management Division responsible for staff, including health, safety and training issues, and operates according to established company policies, procedures and standards. All employees are given a booklet summarizing these procedures. Each employee has access to their own record of employment and employment conditions, training and career development plan, which is updated annually upon review. Currently there are 459 employees at the new site and the total staff complement will eventually be 700-800 employees.Working Conditions: Under the new employment terms at the new site, workers are employed on 1-3 year contracts which are renewable subject to satisfactory performance and availability of work. At the existing site, employees who are within 10 years of the lawful retirement age are guaranteed employment until retirement. All employees work a standard 40 hour week. Overtime work is uncommon and is usually only associated with emergencies. Staffs receive time-off or cash compensation in lieu of any overtime work. Employees receive a basic salary and bonuses. The lowest basic salaries paid are at least 50% greater than government requirements for minimum wage payments.Worker’s Organization: There is an established workers union in Suhua, which represents approximately 90% of employees. Nine union representatives are elected by employees for five year terms according to the government labor code. The union is mainly concerned with occupational health issues and in providing assistance to employees. The union manages a grievance mechanism to address employee complaints and works closely with Suhua management to resolve these complaints.Non-Discrimination and Equal Opportunity: There is no discrimination in wage rates between male and female workers. Male: female employment ratio for the total workforce is 2:1. There is no child labor or forced labor. At the new site, preference is given to the employment of workers from nearby local communities and from those households that were relocated from the new industrial area.Retrenchment: The relocation of operations to the new site will involve some retrenchment of staff. Operations at the new site will, in many cases, require different sets of skills and many employees were not willing to relocate or to commute the extra distance. There is a plan in place to achieve retrenchment and to mitigate adverse impacts on existing employees, and this is being implemented in close conjunction with the social security division of the Suzhou Municipal Government. There is a high demand for workers in Suzhou and thus the company and Suzhou Municipal Government see few problems finding alternate employment for workers not transferring to the new site. In accordance with the ESAP, Suhua will monitor progress on retrenchment, with a special emphasis on any vulnerable employees.Occupational health and safety (OHS): Operational safety is highly emphasized by Suhua. There are effective OHS procedures and adequate personal protection equipment (PPE) for each position in Suhua. Suhua will review and improve the OHS procedures for some positions to better protect the workforce. Suhua will also ensure the rigorous implementation of these procedures, especially PPE procedures, during operations.There are routine OHS training programs, including monthly refresher courses for its employees. Safety awareness is among the top concerns for both management and operators. There have been no fatal or serious accidents in the operational history of Suhua after privatization. The monitored parameters for the workplace conditions meet both local regulatory requirements and good international industry practices. As indicated in the ESAP, Suhua will review/modify the OHS procedures to better protect the workforce and to start compiling more rigorous statistical data of OHS accidents.3. Pollution Prevention and Abatement Raw materials and resource consumption: Major raw material consumption in Suhua includes water (2.66million tpy), sea salt (200,000 tpy), calcium carbide (150,000 tpy), benzene (20,000 tpy), sulfur (120,000tpy), yellow phosphorus (7,000 tpy), phenol (5,000 tpy), and coal (173,000 tpy). The water is drawn from the nearby river. Suhua plans to build two 25 MW thermal power plants to supply electricity and steam, and the sulfuric acid plant could also provide up to 12 MW power. Currently, Suhua purchases additional 40,000 mkwh electricity from the grid, which mainly comes from local coal-based power plants. Suhua conducts periodic energy efficiency audits and has corporate-wide energy/water saving programs, which consists of reduction targets for each year which are monitored closely by management.Environmental Compliances: Suhua generates approximately 300 m3/d wastewater, which is discharged to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the industrial park after onsite primary treatment. The monitored parameters in the wastewater effluents meet all the influent requirements of the WWTP. Suhua will monitor adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) in its effluent and take proper actions to reduce AOX concentration, if it exceeds WBG/IFC guideline limit, to avoid impacts to the proper operation of WWTP.The monitored parameters for air emissions from generators and various processes meet both regulatory requirements and the WBG/IFC guideline limits. The ambient noise and air quality levels meet local regulatory requirements, WBG/IFC guideline limits, and good international industry practices. In accordance with the ESAP, Suhua will start monitoring NOx emissions from its power plant and take proper actions to reduce NOx concentration, if it exceeds either local regulatory requirement or WBG/IFC guideline limit.Solid and hazardous wastes: The household solid wastes generated in Suhua are picked up by municipal contractors. Suhua generates significant amounts of industrial solid wastes from production processes, including calcium carbide slag (158,000 tpy), coal slag (28,000 tpy), salt sludge (2,000 tpy), etc. Calcium carbide slag and coal slag are sold for construction material manufacturing plants. Salt sludge is either shipped to licensed landfill for disposal, or sold together with calcium carbide slag for manufacturing of construction materials.The major hazardous wastes generated onsite include waste catalysts, residual distillation bottoms, waste sulfur slag, and waste phosphorus slag. Waste catalysts are recycled by manufacturers, and heavy residual bottoms are sold to a licensed recycler for further processing. The waste sulfur and phosphorus slag is sent to the licensed industrial waste incinerator for disposal.Hazardous materials and operation hazard: Suhua’s raw materials, intermediate products, and products comprise significant amounts of hazardous materials. The manufacturing, storage, handling, and transportation of these materials could pose serious dangers to the employees and nearby communities. Suhua has reviewed all its safety procedures and equipment for the new site. Automatic monitoring and alarm systems were installed at all critical process points for all hazardous gas, and automatic monitoring sensors for chlorine are also installed along the property lines.Suhua contracted external experts to train its engineers to conduct hazard operability (HAZOP) studies. Both qualitative and quantitative HAZOP studies are prepared for all the processes by its engineers and external experts. There are no underground storage tanks at Suhua. All the above-ground storage tanks meet the requirements of good international industry practices. Suhua has a contract with external consultants to audit its EHS management system each year. As indicated in the ESAP, Suhua will include a comprehensive EHS audit in one of these routine audits six months after all the processes at the new site are put into operation.Fire prevention and emergency response (ER): There is adequate fire fighting equipment onsite with proper maintenance. Suhua has its own fulltime fire fighting team, which is also in charge of safety equipment maintenance and safety operation inspection. The external fire trucks and ambulance from the industry park fire brigade could reach the site in five to ten minutes. Suhua conducts routine drills for fire fighting and potential chemical explosion/releases, including the joint drills with the local fire brigade and communities. In accordance with the ESAP, Suhua will provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) of its hazardous materials to the local hospitals and involve the hospitals in the joint fire fighting and ER drills.Greenhouse Gases (GHG): Suhua generates approximately 730,000 ton carbon dioxide equivalence GHG per year, which comes from onsite thermal power plants and electricity purchase from the grid. Suhua periodically conducts energy efficiency audits, and has programs/procedures to reduce energy consumption, which will reduce GHG emissions as a result.Potential Remediation and Redevelopment of Old Site: The land owner of Suhua’s old site, SGT, will be the sole responsible party for the potential remediation and redevelopment of the old site. In accordance with the ESAP, Suhua will provide the necessary background information upon request by SGT during the potential remediation. Suhua will also hire consultants, experienced in soil/groundwater remediation and brownfield redevelopment, to help SGT review the potential remediation plan and land redevelopment plan, and to provide valuable input to maximize the remediation effectiveness and minimize the potential residual impacts of contamination of the redeveloped land based on its future usage. The experienced consultants will also provide remediation and redevelopment training for local environmental protection bureaus and local environmental consultants.Vinyl Chloride Monomer Manufacturing: Suhua uses the calcium carbide / acetylene route to manufacturing vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). The acetylene route for VCM manufacture does not generate dioxins/furans. Suhua purchases calcium carbide from western part of China. As indicated in the ESAP, Suhua will include the energy efficiency and environmental controls in its purchase criteria. If possible, Suhua will only purchase calcium carbide from manufacturers that meet Chinese environmental requirements.4. Community Health, Safety, and Security Community health, safety and security: There are still 160 scattered houses inside the proposed chemical industry park, which are to the north of Suhua’s Zhangjiagang site. These scattered houses will be relocated by the end of 2007. Once the chemical industry park is fully established, the nearest community residences will be approximately one km east of Suhua’s new site. The routine operations at Suhua do not have significant impacts on the nearby communities. However, in an extreme scenario, such as large scale chlorine leak, there are potentially significant impacts to these communities. The majority of the raw materials and products are transported by barges or trucks to and from the site. To protect the water environment, Suhua only transport non-hazardous raw materials and products through the canal system in the region. The conditions of roads are good. However, roads traverse some communities at certain sections, which increase the risk of significant impacts to the communities in the case of serious accidents.Emergency preparedness and response: Suhua has ER plans available and conducts routine drills for fire fighting and potential chemical explosion/releases together with local fire department and community onsite. As indicated in the ESAP, Suhua will conduct joint offsite fire fighting and ER drills for its hazardous material transportation together with local fire department, hospital, and communities, and provide necessary ER training for the nearby communities. Suhua will only contract with transportation companies that have defensive driving programs, acceptable safe driving records, and sufficient emergency response methods for the hazardous material transportations.Security personnel: Suhua hires an external agency for Zhangjiagang site security. The contracted security personnel conduct routine ID checks at the gates and security monitoring. The security personnel do not have any weapons. For serious security issues, Suhua reports directly to the local police station.5. Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement Land Acquisition, Resettlement, and Compensation: A total of approximately 150 households were resettled from the Suhua new project site in Zhangjiagang to suburbs of nearby Le Yu town. This resettlement was fully completed in 2006. Resettlement is being undertaken by the Jiangsu local government authorities according to a well known established land acquisition procedure, and payments to individuals are recorded properly. The quality of the new residences in Le Yu town is considerably better than the former rural residences, and households now have improved access to facilities and amenities.Land use in the area formerly consisted of mixed rural residential areas and small scale cropping activities.A comprehensive well defined compensation and benefit package for displaced households and individuals includes: a land use rights compensation fee; lost crop compensation; a one off lump sum per individual (only for males under 45 and females under 35); a stipend for life for males over 45 and females over 35 (including provision for inflation); compensation of RMB 500 Yuan per sq.m for residential buildings; additional compensation for households and individuals identified as being vulnerable; and medical insurance for individuals paid for by the local government.Individuals have largely retained their former jobs, and many are now living nearer the jobs they hold in Le Yu town. The stipend that males over 45 and females over 35 receive is significantly greater (2-3 times) than previous income received from farming. The government agency responsible for resettlement has also provided educational opportunities, training and job opportunities for those displaced persons seeking new employment (mainly younger people)Grievance Mechanism: As part of the land acquisition and resettlement process there is an established grievance mechanism, and households have recourse to the courts should grievances not be satisfactorily resolved through this grievance mechanism. It was reported that there were very few grievances and all these had been resolved without recourse to the courts. Interviews with some relocated household members verified that they did not foresee any problems with maintaining their livelihood standards and that they felt that the houses, facilities and opportunities were better in the new suburban locations. In accordance with ESAP, Suhua will include the relevant information concerning the land acquisition process and resettlement in the annual monitoring report, especially for any on going measures to assist identified vulnerable households to re-establish their homes and livelihoods.Client’s Community Engagement: Suhua does not have a formal community development plan, but works with local authorities to identify possible projects with local government authorities. At the new site Suhua contributed to construction costs of: the new fire station in Le Yu town (RMB 1.2 million Yuan - 10% of cost); community roads; a new high school in Le Yu Town and provision of training programs for high school students. Suhua also provides steam from its operations to other factories in the chemical park for heating. This is an important benefit since it obviates the need for other factories in the chemical park for heating requirements. Suhua has established assistance programs for the handicapped (including the deaf); a fund for the poor (charitable donations); and an education fund has been established for scholarships for employees children.Suhua has contact with local communities on an irregular basis, mainly through the local town council. On average Suhua meets with communities once a month, mainly about emergency response and health and safety issues. Any complaints or grievances can be made to the local government hotline (12365), industrial park management committee, or to Suhua directly. Upon IFC request, Suhua held its first formal public consultation meeting in June 2007. As stated in the ESAP, Suhua is committed to conduct on-going public consultation once a year or under special circumstances.As suggested by IFC, Suhua will disclose some of its environmental and social performance information at the company website. Suhua will disclose the Chinese version of this document at its website. Please contact the following for inquiries or concerns about the environmental and social impacts of this project.Mr. Jingxian Xu Jiangsu Suhua Group 1 Nanmen Rd. Suzhou, China 215007 Tel：86-512-6525-1605 ext. 459 or 86-512-5863-2115 Fax：86-512-6525-1980?返回目錄>>? |
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